Rock Breaking Device and Construction Machinery

ABSTRACT

A rock breaking device, including: a large arm, including a first large arm end, a second large arm end and a first hinge part; a small arm, including a first small arm end, a second small arm end and a second hinge part; a scarifier, including a third hinge part and being divided into a first scarifying part that is close to a tip of the scarifier and a second scarifying part that is connected to the first scarifying part; a first hydraulic cylinder; and a second hydraulic cylinder; a first large arm end is configured to connect to a carrier, while a second large arm end is hinged with the second hinge part; an end of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the first hinge part, and another end of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged with a first small arm end, while a second small arm end is hinged with the third hinge part; an end of the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the small arm, and another end of the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the second scarifying part, the weight of the scarifier accounting for 30%-70% of the total weight of the rock breaking device. Further provided is a construction machinery including the rock breaking device.

This application claims priority of the Chinese Patent Application No. 201711008163.4, filed on Oct. 25, 2017, the Chinese Patent Application No. 201711134980.4, filed on Nov. 15, 2017, the Chinese Patent Application No. 201721529240.6, filed on Nov. 15, 2017, and the Chinese Patent Application No. 201810604851.5, filed on Jun. 13, 2018. For all purposes, the disclosure of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties as part of the present application.

TECHNICAL FIELD

Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a rock breaking device and a construction machinery.

BACKGROUND

In the current field of mechanical rock breaking, scarifiers are mainly used to break and mine rock in low hardness rock formation. The scarifier is mainly mounted on excavators and bulldozers, as well as rock breaking machines that may occur in the fixture.

At present, the way that an excavator carrying a scarifier is widely used, which is mainly accomplished by excavator carrying a large arm, a small arm, a scarifier and corresponding pushing oil cylinders. In this case, a device consisting of a large arm, a small arm, a scarifier and corresponding pushing oil cylinders can be called a rock breaking device, and the rock breaking device has high flexibility, reliable structure and is widely used.

In addition, there is also a device without a small arm called an integral arm. Its scarifier has relatively large weight and good impact effect, but its flexibility is poor due to the absence of a small arm.

SUMMARY

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a rock breaking device and a construction machinery. The rock breaking device includes: a large arm which includes a first large arm end, a second large arm end and a first hinge part positioned located at the middle of the large arm; a small arm, which includes a first small arm end, a second small arm end and a second hinge part positioned located at the middle of the small arm; a scarifier including a third hinge part and being divided into a first scarifying part that is close to a tip of the scarifier and a second scarifying part that is connected to the first scarifying part by a line that passes through the third hinge part and perpendicular to a connection line of the third hinge part and the tip of the scarifier; a first hydraulic cylinder; and a second hydraulic cylinder. The first large arm end is configured to connect to a carrier, the second large arm end is hinged with the second hinge part, an end of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the first hinge part, and another end of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the first small arm end, the second small end is hinged with the third hinge part, an end of the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the small arm, and another end of the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the second scarifying part, and a weight of the scarifier accounts for 30%-85% of a total weight of the rock breaking device. In this way, the rock breaking device and the construction machinery provided by embodiments of the present disclosure can provide a flexible and efficient rock breaking method.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described in the following; it is obvious that the described drawings are only related to some embodiments of the present disclosure and thus are not limitative of the present disclosure.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock breaking device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another rock breaking device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another rock breaking device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a construction machinery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock breaking device under a first viewing angle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock breaking device under a second viewing angle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a small arm under a first viewing angle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a scarifier according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock breaking device when in use according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a scarifier equipped with a counterweight according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock breaking device of which the scarifier is equipped with a counterweight according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another rock breaking device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of another rock breaking device when in use according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of another rock breaking device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of another rock breaking device when in use according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock breaking device of which the scarifier is hollow and the small arm is solid according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of the scarifier in FIG. 16;

FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of the scarifier in FIG. 16 under a second viewing angle;

FIG. 19 is a section view taken along line A-A in FIG. 18;

FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of the small arm in FIG. 16 under a third viewing angle;

FIG. 21 is a section view taken along line B-B in FIG. 18;

FIG. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of another rock breaking device of which the scarifier is hollow and the small arm is hollow according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of the small arm in FIG. 22 under a first viewing angle;

FIG. 24 is a section view taken along line C-C in FIG. 23;

FIG. 25 is a section view taken along line D-D in FIG. 23;

FIG. 26 is a schematic structural diagram of the small arm in FIG. 22 under a second viewing angle;

FIG. 27 is a section view taken along line E-E in FIG. 26;

FIG. 28 is a schematic structural diagram of the scarifier in FIG. 22 under a first viewing angle;

FIG. 29 is a section view taken along line F-F in FIG. 28;

FIG. 30 is a schematic structural diagram of the scarifier in FIG. 22 under a second viewing angle;

FIG. 31 is a section view taken along line G-G in FIG. 28;

FIG. 32 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock breaking device equipped with a counterweight where the scarifier is hollow and the small arm is hollow according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 33 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock breaking device when a first shaft sleeve, an oil seal and a lubricating hole are arranged on the scarifier according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; and

FIG. 34 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock breaking device when the included angle between a connection line between the first hinge shaft and the second hinge shaft and a connection line between the first hinge shaft and the third hinge shaft is between 95 degrees and 135 degrees according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In order to make objects, technical details and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiment will be described in a clearly and fully understandable way in connection with the drawings related to the embodiments of the present disclosure. It is obvious that the described embodiments are just a part but not all of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Based on the described embodiments herein, those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiment(s), without any inventive work, which should be within the scope of the present disclosure.

Unless otherwise defined, all the technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure belongs. The terms “first,” “second,” etc., which are used in the description and the claims of the present application for disclosure, are not intended to indicate any sequence, amount or importance, but distinguish various components. The terms “comprise,” “comprising,” “include,” “including,” etc., are intended to specify that the elements or the objects stated before these terms encompass the elements or the objects and equivalents thereof listed after these terms, but do not preclude the other elements or objects. The phrases “connect”, “connected”, etc., are not intended to define a physical connection or mechanical connection, but can include an electrical connection, directly or indirectly.

In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the terms “mounted”, “connect”, “connected”, “fixed” and the like shall be broadly understood unless otherwise explicitly specified and defined, for example, they can be fixed connection, detachable connection or integrated; can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this disclosure can be understood according to specific situations. In addition, the first feature above or below the second feature can include direct contact of the first feature and second feature, or the first feature and second feature cannot be in direct contact but through additional feature contact therebetween. Moreover, the first feature on or above the second feature includes the first feature directly on or above and obliquely on or above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature has a higher horizontal height than the second feature. The first feature below the second feature includes the first feature directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature has a lower horizontal height than the second feature.

In the process of using the scarifier to break the rock formation, the use effect is mainly determined by the four factors of the scarifier's angle of entry into the rock, strength, impact force and energy loss. The above-mentioned impact force refers to the force generated when the driver uses the scarifier to knock the rock formation during the scarifier operation. For example, in the existing rock breaking device, the force of the rock breaking device is mainly increased through the change of torque and the increase of weight, and the rock breaking effect is improved through a better rock entering angle. However, because the small proportion of the weight of the scarifier in the weight of the rock breaking device and the relatively small weight, the impact force is relatively small. In addition, because the installation angle of the scarifier oil cylinder (scarifier cylinder), the reaction force is transmitted to the cylinder in a larger proportion during operation, resulting in greater energy loss. It should be noted that the scarifier mentioned above does not include devices with functional facilities such as motors and pistons, such as high-frequency hammers and breaking hammers, but is a structural member with more than two hinge parts, usually with bucket teeth, for breaking hard soil and less hard rock formations.

Although the impact action of the working device is not advocated in the use of excavators, it is common to apply a certain range of impact action to rock formation in actual rock breaking work, and the rock breaking effect is very good, and the damage to the machine is controllable. In order to improve the rock breaking effect and reduce the damage to the machine, the heavier the scarifier, the better. Therefore, since the weight of the rock breaking device is limited, the inventor of the present application thinks that by optimizing the weight proportion and volume proportion of the scarifier, the small arm and the large arm, the scarifier accounts for a larger proportion, thereby improving the rock breaking effect.

In the specific weight proportion and volume proportion distribution of the large arm, the small arm and the scarifier, the weight distribution of the scarifier should be the largest. However, due to structural problems, it is difficult to minimize the weight of the large arm, so the small arm becomes the lightest, mainly considering the strength and flexibility of use. In terms of volume, because the need of structural function, the large arm needs to ensure a certain functional space range and needs a larger volume, while the small arm can be minimized through structural optimization. The scarifier has a relatively large volume because the need of weight. In terms of the arrangement of the scarifier cylinder, the angle is further optimized and the energy loss is reduced.

The embodiment of the disclosure provides a rock breaking device and a construction machinery, which provide a flexible and efficient rock breaking method by optimizing the weight proportion and volume proportion of a scarifier, a small arm and a large arm. The rock breaking device includes a large arm, a small arm, a scarifier, a first hydraulic cylinder and a second hydraulic cylinder. The large arm includes a first large arm end, a second large arm end and a first hinge part positioned located at the middle of the large arm. The small arm includes a first small arm end, a second small arm end and a second hinge part positioned located at the middle of the small arm. The scarifier includes a third hinge part, and the scarifier is divided into a first scarifying part that is close to a tip of the scarifier and a second scarifying part that is connected to the first scarifying part by a line that passes through the third hinge part and perpendicular to a connection line of the third hinge part and the tip of the scarifier. The first large arm end is configured to be connected to a carrier, the second large arm end is hinged with the second hinge part, one end of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the first hinge part, the other end of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the first small arm end, the second small arm end is hinged with the third hinge part, one end of the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the small arm, the other end of the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the second scarifying part, and the weight of the scarifier accounts for 30%-85% of the total weight of the rock breaking device. In this way, in the rock breaking device, on one hand, the high flexibility and convenient operation of the rock breaking device can be ensured through the connection relation of the large arm, the small arm, the scarifier, the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder; and on the other hand, the weight of the scarifier accounts for a high proportion of the total weight of the rock breaking device, which optimizes the forward movement degree of the gravity center of the rock breaking device, so that the rock breaking device has better rock breaking impact force and is beneficial to reducing damage to carriers (such as excavators or rock breaking machines). In addition, the proportion of the weight of the scarifier to the total weight of the rock breaking device can be adjusted, so that the proportion of the scarifier to the total weight of the rock breaking device can be flexibly configured according to different use scenarios, and higher flexibility and better rock breaking effect can be simultaneously obtained.

Another embodiment of the present disclosure provides a rock breaking device. FIG. 1 is a rock breaking device 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the rock breaking device includes a large arm 2, a small arm 3, a first hydraulic cylinder 4, a second hydraulic cylinder 5 and a scarifier 6. The large arm 2 includes a first large arm end 20, a second large arm end 21, and a first hinge part 28 located at the middle of the large arm 2. The small arm 3 includes a first small arm end 36, a second small arm end 37 and a second hinge part 33 located at the middle of the small arm 3. The scarifier 6 includes a third hinge part 63, and the scarifier 6 is divided into a first scarifying part 61 that is close to the tip 72 of the scarifier 6 and a second scarifying part 62 that is connected to the first scarifying part 61 by a line passing through the third hinge part 63 and perpendicular to a connection line of the third hinge part 63 and the tip 72 of the scarifier 6. The first large arm end 20 is configured to connect to a carrier, the second large arm end 21 is hinged with the second hinge part 33, one end of the first hydraulic cylinder 4 is hinged with the first hinge part 28, the other end of the first hydraulic cylinder 4 is hinged with the first small arm end 36, the second small arm end 37 is hinged with the third hinge part 63, one end of the second hydraulic cylinder 5 is hinged with the small arm 3, the other end of the second hydraulic cylinder 5 is hinged with the second scarifying part 62, and the weight of the scarifier 6 accounts for 30%-85% of the total weight of the rock breaking device 1. It should be noted that the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder can be oil cylinders.

In the rock breaking device provided by this embodiment, on one hand, through the design of the large arm, the small arm, the scarifier, the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder, the flexibility of the rock breaking device is ensured, and connecting rods in common scarifiers are omitted, the rock breaking device is just enough for rock breaking, a better combination of flexibility and energy loss is realized, and the smoothness of operation is not reduced. On the other hand, there is interaction between the mechanical movement of the scarifier of the rock breaking device and the rock formation, the interaction is represented by the transmission (or transfer) process of mechanical movement between the scarifier in movement and the rock formation. Momentum is the physical quantity of mechanical movement of the scarifier measured from the angle of mechanical movement transmission. This transmission is carried out equally. How much mechanical movement (momentum) is transmitted to the rock formation by the scarifier, the scarifier will lose the same amount of momentum, and the result of transmission is that the total momentum of the two will remain unchanged. From the perspective of dynamics, the momentum of the scarifier refers to the tendency of the scarifier to keep moving in its moving direction. The greater the momentum of the scarifier, the better the rock breaking effect will be. This embodiment increases the momentum of the scarifier by increasing the weight proportion of the scarifier in the rock breaking device so that the weight of the scarifier accounts for 30%-85% of the total weight, further optimizes the forward movement degree of the center of gravity and has better rock breaking impact force, and is beneficial to reducing the damage to an excavator or a rock breaking machine. The specific weight of the scarifier has its own advantages and disadvantages. The rock breaking ability can be further improved by increasing the weight proportion of the scarifier, and the operability can be improved by appropriately reducing the weight proportion of the scarifier. The layout of the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder mainly solves the problem of digging force and flexibility, and the scarifier has better digging force and more reasonable spatial position during digging. In addition, when the rock formation is impacted, the impact damage to the first hydraulic cylinder and the second hydraulic cylinder is reduced, thereby reducing the damage to the machine.

For example, in some examples, the volume of the scarifier 6 is greater than the volume of the small arm 3, the weight of the scarifier 6 is greater than the weight of the small arm 3, and the weight of the scarifier 6 is greater than the weight of the large arm 2, thus further optimizing the forward movement degree of the center of gravity.

For example, in some examples, the volume of the second scarifying part 62 is greater than 3 times the volume of the first scarifying part 61. Therefore, on one hand, the volume of the second scarification part 62 is relatively large, which is convenient for setting a plurality of hinge positions for being hinged with the second hydraulic cylinder 5, so that the magnitude of torque can be conveniently adjusted, and the reaction force received by the second hydraulic cylinder can be adjusted; on the other hand, the volume of the second scarifying part 62 is relatively large, and it is also convenient to provide other functional components, such as a counterweight or a shock excitation device, on the second scarifying part 62.

For example, the scarifier 6 is divided into the first scarifying part 61 close to the tip 72 of the scarifier 6 and the second scarifying part 62 connected to the first scarifying part 61 by a line passing through the third hinge part 63 and perpendicular to a connection line of the third hinge part 63 and the tip 72 of the scarifier 6. Because the large volume of the second scarifying part 62, the ratio of the distance between the third hinge part 63 and the connection point of the second hydraulic cylinder 5 and the second scarifying part 62 to the distance between the tip of the scarifier 6 and the third hinge part 63 is greater than 1, so that the lever structure formed by the second hydraulic cylinder 5 and the scarifier 6 can be a labor-saving lever. Of course, the embodiment of the present disclosure includes but is not limited to this. When the hardness of the rock formation to be broken is low, the ratio of the distance between the third hinge part 63 and the connection point of the second hydraulic cylinder 5 and the second scarifying part 62 to the distance between the tip of the scarifier 6 and the third hinge part 63 can also be less than 1, thereby obtaining better flexibility. That is, when the volume of the second scarifying part 62 is large, a plurality of hinge positions for being hinged with the second hydraulic cylinder 5 can be set, so that the torque of the lever structure composed of the second hydraulic cylinder 5 and the scarifier 6 can be adjusted, and the optimal torque can be selected according to the actual need to adjust the magnitude of the torque.

On the other hand, when the rock breaking device performs a rock breaking operation, the scarifier 6 generates a digging force or an impact force downward and transversely and toward the direction of the carrier, and the tip 72 of the scarifier 6 contacts the rock formation to apply the rock breaking force to the rock formation, thereby achieving the purpose of rock breaking. During the breaking and mining operation, the reaction force from the rock formation is transmitted to the second hydraulic cylinder 5 through the scarifier 6. The greater the reaction force the second hydraulic cylinder 5 receives, the greater the compression amount of the hydraulic oil of the working medium of the second hydraulic cylinder 5, the greater the compression amount, the greater the power loss and the higher the energy consumption. By setting the volume of the second scarifying part 62 larger, the ratio of the distance between the third hinge part 63 and the connection point of the second hydraulic cylinder 5 and the second scarifying part 62 to the distance between the tip of the scarifier 6 and the third hinge part 63 can be made larger than 1, thus reducing the reaction force on the second hydraulic cylinder 5, reducing power loss, and facilitating the rigid transmission of the gravity of the rock breaking device to the tip of the scarifier, thus facilitating the improvement of the scarifying effect. It should be noted that the ratio of the distance between the third hinge part 63 and the connection point of the second hydraulic cylinder 5 and the second scarifying part 62 to the distance between the tip of the scarifier 6 and the third hinge part 63 may be less than 1. Under the condition that the scarifier has a reasonable rock breaking shape, the ratio of the distance between the third hinge part 63 and the connection point of the second hydraulic cylinder 5 and the second scarifying part 62 to the distance between the tip of the scarifier 6 and the third hinge part 63 has a large adjustment range.

For example, in some examples, the volume of the second scarifying part 62 is greater than 5 times of the volume of the first scarifying part 61. On one hand, it is convenient to set more hinge positions for being hinged with the second hydraulic cylinder 5, thus it is convenient to adjust the magnitude of torque. On the other hand, it is also convenient to provide more other functional components, such as a counterweight or a shock excitation device, on the second scarifying part 62. In addition, the power loss can be further reduced, which is favorable for rigidly transmitting the gravity of the rock breaking device to the tip of the scarifier, and further is favorable for improving the breaking and mining effect.

For example, in some examples, the weight of the second scarifying part 62 is greater than 3 times the weight of the first scarifying part 61. Because the weight of the second scarifying part 62 is greater than 3 times the weight of the first scarifying part 61, the weight of the scarifier 6 can be more effectively converted into the breaking force of the tip of the scarifier 6.

For example, in some examples, the weight of the second scarifying part is greater than 5 times the weight of the first scarifying part, which can further effectively convert the weight of the scarifier 6 into the breaking force of the tip of the scarifier 6.

For example, in some examples, the weight of the scarifier accounts for 40%-85% of the total weight of the rock breaking device, thereby further increasing the proportion of the weight of the scarifier to the total weight of the rock breaking device, further increasing the momentum of the scarifier, and further improving the rock breaking effect of the rock breaking device.

For example, in some examples, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the second scarifying part 62 is provided with at least two first hinge positions 56, such as 561, 562, and 563 illustrated in FIG. 1, respectively, for being connected to the second hydraulic cylinder 5, and in the at least two first hinge positions 56, the distances between different ones of the at least two first hinge positions 56 and the third hinge part are different. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the distances between the three first hinge positions 561, 562, and 563 and the third hinge part 63 sequentially increase. When the second hydraulic cylinder 5 is connected to different first hinge positions 561, 562 and 563, the torques of the second hydraulic cylinder 5 are different, so that the torque of the second hydraulic cylinder 5 can be adjusted.

For example, in some examples, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the first small arm end 36 includes at least two second hinge positions 42, such as 421 and 422 illustrated in FIG. 1, respectively, for being connected to the first hydraulic cylinder 4, and in the at least two second hinge positions 42, the distances between different ones of the at least two different second hinge positions 42 and the third hinge part 33 are different. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the distances between the two second hinge positions 421 and 422 and the second hinge part 33 sequentially increase. When the first hydraulic cylinder 4 is connected to different second hinge positions 421 and 422, the torques of the first hydraulic cylinder 4 are different, so that the torque of the first hydraulic cylinder 4 can be adjusted.

For example, in some examples, as illustrated in FIG. 1, one end of the second hydraulic cylinder 5 is hinged with the first small arm end 36 of the small arm 3, and the first small arm end 36 further includes at least two third hinge positions 55, such as 551, 552, and 553 illustrated in FIG. 1, respectively, for being connected to the second hydraulic cylinder 5, and in the at least two third hinge positions 55, the distances between different ones of the at least two third hinge positions 55 and the second hinge part 33 are different. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the distances between the three third hinge positions 551, 552, and 553 and the second hinge part 33 sequentially increase. When the second hydraulic cylinder 5 is connected to different third hinge positions 551, 552 and 553, the torques of the second hydraulic cylinder 5 are different, so that the torque of the second hydraulic cylinder 5 can be adjusted.

For example, in some examples, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the second scarifying part 62 further includes a counterweight 64 removably mounted on the second scarifying part 62 to adjust the weight of the second scarifying part 62. The weight of the scarifier 6 can be adjusted by setting the number and weight of the counterweight 64. In addition, the counterweight 64 has a longer movement stroke in the rock breaking process to obtain larger kinetic energy, and the kinetic energy acting on the rock breaking area can increase the rock breaking impact force. At the same time, the counterweight 64 mounted to the second scarifying part 62 makes the center of gravity of the counterweight 64 substantially coincide with the center of gravity of the scarifier 6 in the vertical direction during rock breaking operation, further concentrating the impact force on the rock breaking area.

For example, in some examples, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the tip 72 of the scarifier 6 is a rock breaking part, and the rock breaking part 7 can directly break rock or be mounted with the bucket teeth 7.

For example, in some examples, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the minimum value of the included angle C between the axis of the second hydraulic cylinder 5 and the connection line between the third hinge part 63 and one end of the second hydraulic cylinder 5 and the first small arm end 36 is greater than 24 degrees.

For example, in some examples, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the maximum value of the included angle C between the axis of the second hydraulic cylinder 5 and the connection line between the third hinge part 63 and one end of the second hydraulic cylinder 5 and the first small arm end 36 is greater than 60 degrees.

For example, in some examples, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the included angle C between the axis of the second hydraulic cylinder 5 and the connection line between the third hinge part 63 and one end of the second hydraulic cylinder 5 and the first small arm end 36 is in a range from 45 degrees to 130 degrees.

For example, in some examples, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the included angle C between the axis of the second hydraulic cylinder 5 and the connection line between the third hinge part 63 and one end of the second hydraulic cylinder 5 and the first small arm end 36 is in a range from 70 degrees to 110 degrees.

For example, in some examples, the volume of the scarifier is between 1.8 and 4.5 times the volume of the small arm.

For example, in some examples, the weight of the scarifier is between 1.2 and 2.7 times the weight of the small arm.

For example, in some examples, the volume of the large arm is between 1.6 and 4.2 times the volume of the small arm.

For example, in some examples, the weight of the large arm is between 1.4 and 3.1 times the weight of the small arm.

For example, in some examples, the small arm is a solid structure, thus reducing the volume of the small arm on the premise of ensuring the strength of the small arm.

For example, in some examples, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the hinge position of the second hydraulic cylinder 5 and the small arm 3 is a third hinge position 55, and on a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the third hinge position 55, the distance between the third hinge position 55 and the second hinge part 33 is 0.7 to 1.3 times the distance between the second hinge part 33 and the third hinge part 63.

For example, in some examples, as illustrated in FIG. 1, the hinge position of the first hydraulic cylinder 4 and the small arm 3 is a second hinge position 42, and the distance between the second hinge position 42 and the second hinge part 33 is 0.9 to 1.4 times the distance between the second hinge part 33 and the third hinge part 63.

Another embodiment of the present disclosure provides a rock breaking device. FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock breaking device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 2, the large arm 2 has a curved shape, and the first hinge part 28 is located outside the curved part of the large arm 2, that is, the side of the large arm 2 away from the ground.

Another embodiment of the present disclosure provides a rock breaking device. FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock breaking device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 3, a shock excitation device 65 is mounted on the second scarifying part 62. Because the relatively large volume of the second scarifying part 62, it is advantageous to install a shock excitation device 65 on it. The shock excitation device 65 refers to a device that uses a motor to drive an eccentric block to rotate to generate vibration, which can improve rock breaking ability. It should not be opened as much as possible under the condition that the operation can be carried out without vibration because of its large energy consumption. However, it can play a very good role in improving rock breaking ability as a supplementary function in some use environments.

For example, in some examples, as illustrated in FIG. 3, the scarifier 6 includes a cavity 44. The cavity 44 can be filled with a filler, so that the weight of the scarifier 6 can be increased by using a filler with lower prices, thereby increasing the weight and volume of the scarifier on the one hand and reducing the cost of the scarifier on the other hand.

For example, in some examples, when the scarifier 6 has the cavity 44, the shock excitation device 65 can also be arranged in the cavity 44. In this case, the cavity 44 can provide protection for the shock excitation device 65.

For example, the volume of the cavity 44 can account for more than 30% of the volume of the scarifier 6.

For example, in some examples, as illustrated in FIG. 3, the cavity 44 is filled with a filler 640, and the material of the filler 640 can include rock, sand, etc.

Another embodiment of the present disclosure provides a construction machinery including a rock breaking device according to any one of the above embodiments. Since the construction machinery is equipped with the rock breaking device described in any one of the above embodiments, the construction machinery has flexible and efficient rock breaking effect. For details, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the above embodiments.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a construction machinery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 4, the construction machinery further includes a carrier 8 and a third hydraulic cylinder 12. The carrier 8 includes a vehicle body 81 and a walking device 82 that carries the vehicle body 81 and drives the carrier 8 to move. The first large arm end 20 is hinged with the vehicle body 81, one end of the third hydraulic cylinder 12 is hinged with the vehicle body 81, and another end is hinged with the large arm 2, so that the vehicle body 81 can drive the large arm 2 to move through the third hydraulic cylinder 12.

For example, in some examples, the carrier 8 can be an excavator, and the vehicle body 81 includes an upper vehicle body 811 and a lower vehicle body 812, the upper vehicle body 811 is rotatably connected to the lower vehicle body 812, and the lower vehicle body 812 is provided with the walking device 82, such as a crawler.

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a rock breaking device mounted on an excavator. In this rock breaking device, the scarifier 6 is divided into an upper part and a lower part, i.e., the first scarifying part 61 and the second scarifying part 62, by a line 73 passing through the seventh hinge part 63, i.e., the third hinge part, and perpendicular to the connection line 74 of the seventh hinge part 63 and the tip 72 of the scarifier 6. The volume of the upper part of the scarifier is more than 5 times the volume of the lower part of the scarifier, the volume of the scarifier 6 is larger than the volume of the small arm 3, and the weight of the scarifier accounts for 40%-85% of the total weight of the rock breaking device.

In the rock breaking device provided by this embodiment, because the interaction between the mechanical movement of the scarifier of the rock breaking device and the rock formation, the interaction is represented by the transmission (or transfer) process of mechanical movement between the scarifier and the rock formation in the movement. Momentum is the physical quantity of mechanical movement of the scarifier measured from the angle of mechanical movement transmission. This transmission is carried out equally. How much mechanical movement (momentum) is transmitted to the rock formation by the scarifier, the scarifier will lose the same amount of momentum, and the transmission result is that the total momentum of the two will remain unchanged. From the perspective of dynamics, the momentum of the scarifier refers to the tendency of the scarifier to keep moving in its moving direction. The greater the momentum of the scarifier, the better the rock breaking effect will be. This embodiment increases the momentum of the scarifier by increasing the weight proportion of the scarifier in the rock breaking device.

In addition, the large volume of the upper part of the scarifier (for example, the volume of the upper part of the scarifier is more than 5 times of the volume of the lower part of the scarifier) makes the torque setting range between the scarifier and the scarifier oil cylinder (second hydraulic cylinder) and the small arm larger and more reasonable under the condition that the effective rock breaking position is more reasonable.

In addition, through the optimization of the structure and position relationship of the small arm, the scarifier and the scarifier oil cylinder, the pushing force required and reaction force received by the scarifier oil cylinder are obviously reduced, thus effectively improving the rigid transmission capacity of momentum and being beneficial to maximizing the momentum of the scarifier.

In addition, because the relatively large volume of the scarifier, counterweight and shock excitation device can be mounted, and the effective working position is more reasonable, and the breaking and mining capacity of the rock breaking device is further improved.

For example, in some examples, the first hinge position 56, the second hinge position 42, and the third hinge position 55 can be hinge shafts, and the fourth hinge shaft 42, the fifth hinge shaft 55, and the sixth hinge shaft 56 can have a plurality of installation positions respectively or simultaneously. That is, the numbers of the first hinge position 56, the second hinge position 42, and the third hinge position 55 are plural respectively or simultaneously. In addition, the plurality of installation positions can make the torque have a larger adjustment range, which is conducive to maintaining higher efficiency under different working conditions.

For example, in some examples, the minimum angle value C of the angle formed by the connection line between the fifth hinge shaft 55 and the sixth hinge shaft 56 and the connection line between the fifth hinge shaft 55 and the seventh hinge shaft 63 is at least 24 degrees in operation. In this way, the rotation range of the scarifier around the seventh hinge shaft can be controlled within a reasonable range, which is smaller than the angle range in the prior art. In fact, the inapplicable part is removed, so that the digging force changes relatively less in the whole stroke, and the operator is easier to control.

For example, in some examples, a counterweight 64 is detachably mounted on the scarifier 6. The scarifier is detachably provided with a counterweight, and the digging force can be adjusted by adjusting the weight of the scarifier according to the condition of the rock formation. Under normal circumstances, when the hardness of the rock formation is relatively large, the weight of the scarifier is increased, thereby increasing the digging force. When the hardness of the rock formation is relatively small, the weight of the scarifier is reduced, thereby improving the operation speed. Because the connection between the scarifier and the bucket teeth is rigid, the effect of adjustment by the scarifier is best.

For example, in some examples, the scarifier 6 has a cavity accounting for more than 30% of its volume, and the cavity has a filler with a specific gravity of more than 2. This is to reduce the cost of the scarifier under the premise that it has a larger weight, because the cost of the filler is much lower than that of steel.

For example, in some examples, the scarifier 6 is equipped with a shock excitation device. Because the scarifier has a relatively large volume, it is advantageous to install a shock device on it. The shock excitation device refers to a device that uses a motor to drive an eccentric block to rotate to generate vibration, which can improve the rock breaking ability. The scarifier should not be opened as much as possible under the condition that the operation can be carried out without vibration because of its large energy consumption. However, it can play a very good role in improving rock breaking ability as a supplementary function in some use environments.

For example, in some examples, the scarifier 6 is divided into an upper part and a lower part by a line 73 passing through the seventh hinge part 63 and perpendicular to the connection line 74 of the seventh hinge part 63 and the tip 72 of the scarifier 6. The weight of the upper part of the scarifier is more than 5 times the weight of the lower part of the scarifier. This enables the scarifier to have a relatively large weight under the condition that the effective rock breaking part length is more reasonable.

For example, in some examples, the seventh hinge shaft 63 has two positions is on the scarifier 6. The hinge point has two installation positions on the scarifier, which are for adjusting the length of effective rock breaking parts under different rock formation conditions. The effective rock breaking parts refer to the area between the hinge point and bucket teeth. The length is relatively short when the hardness is large, which is beneficial to improving the digging force. The length is relatively long when the hardness is small, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency. In theory, many positions are more beneficial to adjustment. As the strength requirement of this part is higher, the adjustment range of other parts is larger, and two positions are the best.

For example, in some examples, the ratio of the power arm to the resistance arm of the scarifier 6 is greater than 0.7. That is, the ratio of the distance between the first hinge position 56 and the third hinge part 63 to the distance between the tip 72 of the scarifier 6 and the third hinge part 63 is greater than 0.7.

The rock breaking device provided by the embodiment improves the digging force and efficiency on the premise of keeping good flexibility, reduces the energy consumption, and obviously improves the rock breaking capacity of the rock breaking device.

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a rock breaking device mounted on an excavator. The excavator is 45 tons, with a power of 260 kilowatts, and the total weight of the rock breaking device is 17 tons. The weight of the scarifier is 6.8 tons, and the weight of the scarifier is 40% of the total weight of the rock breaking device. The fourth hinge shaft 42 has two positions, the fifth hinge shaft 55 has one position, and the sixth hinge shaft 56 has one position. Line 73 divides the scarifier into an upper part and a lower part. After calculation, the weight of the lower part is 1.1 tons, the weight of the upper part is 5.7 tons, and the weight of the upper part is 5.2 times the weight of the lower part. When the piston rod of the scarifier oil cylinder 5 is fully extended, the vertical distance from the axis of the scarifier oil cylinder to the seventh hinge shaft is 1468 mm, the distance from the seventh hinge shaft to the tip 72 of the scarifier is 1283 mm, and the ratio of the two distances is 1.14. When the piston rod is extended to the position close to the middle, the vertical distance from the axis of the scarifier oil cylinder to the seventh hinge shaft is 1615 mm, and the ratio of the two distances is 1.26. When the piston rod is filly retracted, the vertical distance between the axis of the scarifier oil cylinder and the seventh hinge shaft is 1732 mm, and the ratio of the two distances is 1.35. The included angle C is 55 degrees. The scarifier 6 has a hollow cavity accounting for 70% of its volume, and the cavity is filled with a filler with a specific gravity of 2.8.

In the rock breaking device provided by the embodiment, the first lever (the lever for driving the scarifier) formed by the scarifier and the scarifier cylinder is a labor-saving lever, the change range of the digging force in the whole process is small, the process of extending the piston rod of the scarifier cylinder is also the process of continuously applying momentum to the rock formation by the scarifier. The small change range is more beneficial for the rock breaking, and in theory, the more labor is saved. Under the premise of the lower end stroke of the scarifier is equal and other factors are the same, the larger the required stroke of the scarifier cylinder is, the longer the required time is, and the efficiency is decreased. In fact, the other factors also include: the flow rate, pressure, and reaction force received by the oil cylinder and cylinder diameter. Under the condition of larger reaction force, the hydraulic oil will compress more and the efficiency will decrease. A reasonable lever ratio is very important for the rock breaking operation of the scarifier. Because the structural relationship, it is difficult to make a labor-saving lever in the prior art on the premise of ensuring practicability. In addition, the weight ratio of the scarifier is obviously increased compared with the prior art, and the weight of the scarifier in the prior art accounts for less than 15% of the weight of the rock breaking device. Compared with the prior art, the scarifier of the present disclosure has larger breaking capacity. The rock breaking device provided by the embodiment has relatively lower manufacturing cost due to more filler.

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a rock breaking device mounted on an excavator. The weight of the scarifier is 10.37 tons, and the weight of the scarifier is 61% of the total weight of the rock breaking device. The positions of the fourth hinge shaft are 2, the positions of the fifth hinge shaft is 2, and the positions of the sixth hinge shaft is 2. Line 73 divides the scarifier into an upper part and a lower part. After calculation, the weight of the lower part is 0.45 tons, the weight of the upper part is 9.92 tons, and the weight of the upper part is 22 times of the weight of the lower part. The included angle C is 34 degrees. When the piston rod of the scarifier cylinder 5 is fully extended, the vertical distance from the axis of the scarifier cylinder to the seventh hinge shaft is 1412 mm, the distance from the seventh hinge shaft to the tip of the scarifier is 1400 mm, and the distance ratio is 1.01. When the piston rod is extended to the position close to the middle, the vertical distance from the axis of the scarifier cylinder to the seventh hinge shaft is 1513 mm, and the distance ratio is 1.08, When the piston rod is fully retracted, the vertical distance from the axis of the scarifier cylinder to the seventh hinge shaft is 1495 mm, and the distance ratio is about 1.08.

In the rock breaking device provided by the embodiment, the scarifier has a large weight proportion and a large torque adjustment range, the lever ratio of the first lever is reasonable in the whole stroke, and the effective rock breaking part is longer.

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a rock breaking device mounted on an excavator. The weight of the scarifier is 14.45 tons, and the weight of the scarifier is 85% of the total weight of the rock breaking device. There are two fourth hinge positions, two fifth hinge positions, three sixth hinge positions and two seventh hinge positions. Line 73 divides the scarifier into an upper part and a lower part, the weight of the lower part is 0.45 tons, the weight of the upper part is 14 tons, and the weight of the upper part is 31 times the weight of the lower part. A counterweight is detachably arranged on the scarifier. The included angle C is 24 degrees.

In the rock breaking device provided by the embodiment, the weight of the scarifier of the rock breaking device accounts for a large proportion, the weight can be adjusted, the length of the effective rock breaking part can be adjusted, the torque adjustment range is large, the adaptability to different working conditions is strong, and compared with the prior art, the rock breaking and mining capability is obviously improved.

Hereafter, the embodiment of the present disclosure will be explained by comparing the rock breaking effect of the common rock breaking device and the rock breaking device provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure in actual rock breaking operation.

A common rock breaking device includes a large arm, a small arm, a scarifier, a scarifier oil cylinder (scarifier cylinder) and bucket rod oil cylinder (bucket rod cylinder). The volume of the scarifier is mainly the lower part, and there is basically no upper part. The length of the effective rock breaking part of the scarifier is 1.3 m, of which 0.3 m is difficult to enter the rock and the weight of the rock breaking device is 17 tons. The excavator carrying the rock breaking device is 45 tons and has a power of 260 kilowatts. The rock breaking device provided by one embodiment of the present disclosure adopts the structure of the above embodiment, wherein the weight of the scarifier is 10.37 tons, and the weight of the scarifier is 61% of the total weight of the rock breaking device. The positions of the fourth hinge shaft are 2, the positions of the fifth hinge shaft are 2, and the positions of the sixth hinge shaft are 2. Line 73 divides the scarifier into an upper part and a lower part. After calculation, the weight of the lower part is 0.45 ton, the weight of the upper part is 9.92. ton, and the weight of the upper part is 22 times of the weight of the lower part. The included angle C is 34 degrees. When the piston rod of the scarifier cylinder 5 is fully extended, the vertical distance from the axis of the scarifier cylinder to the seventh hinge shaft is 1412 mm, the distance from the seventh hinge shaft to the tip of the scarifier is 1400 mm, and the distance ratio is 1.01. When the piston rod is extended to the position close to the middle, the vertical distance from the axis of the scarifier cylinder to the seventh hinge shaft is 1513 mm, and the distance ratio is 1.08. When the piston rod is fully retracted, the vertical distance from the axis of the scarifier cylinder to the seventh hinge shaft is 1495 mm, and the distance ratio is about 1.08.

Construction site condition 1: the site is hard shale with few cracks, which is suitable for scarifier operation. The construction situations of the two rock breaking devices are compared as follows:

When the rock breaking device according to the embodiment of the disclosure is in hooking operation, the scarifier oil cylinder extends out, the bucket rod oil cylinder (bucket rod cylinder) holds still, the rock entering is smooth, accompanied by smoke and dust, the rock entering depth is 0.8 m in 7 seconds, the bucket rod oil cylinder extends out at the same time, the operating device continues to lower, the rock entering speed starts to slow down, the lower cutting action is completed in 11 seconds, the depth is 1.1 m, the operating device enters to the next cutting point, the distance between two cutting points is 0.7 m, each cutting point is a combined action, the total time consumption is 16 seconds, and the scarifier displacement time consumption is 5 seconds. And one hour later, the amount of broken square was 120 square meters.

The same excavator is replaced by a common rock breaking device, the distance between two cutting points is 0.7 m, the operation is started, the scarifier oil cylinder does not extend out, the bucket rod oil cylinder extends out, the rock entering is slower than the rock breaking device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, the smoke and dust is larger, the scarifier oil cylinder does not extend out and a small amount of retraction occurs after 5 seconds, the scarifier shakes, the downward cutting is obviously slower, the rock entering depth is 0.4 m in this case, it is difficult to continue downward cutting, the operating device reaches the next cutting point, the distance between two cutting points is reduced to 0.4 m, the bucket rod oil cylinder extended out, the scarifier oil cylinder does not extend out, the rock entry speed increased somewhat, accompanied by smoke and dust. After 7 seconds, the scarifier oil cylinder extended out, and the speed slowed down obviously. In this case, the rock entry depth was 0.6 meters, and the cutting was continued. The cutting was completed in eleventh second, and the depth was 0.8 meters. And one hour later, the amount of broken square was 75 square meters.

Situation of construction site 2: shale with relatively low hardness is difficult for excavator bucket operation. The construction situations of the two rock breaking devices are compared as follows:

When the rock breaking device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is in hooking operation, the scarifier oil cylinder and the bucket rod oil cylinder extend out at the same time, so that the rock entering is smooth without smoke and dust, the rock entering depth is 1.1 m in 5 seconds, continue to cut downward, the rock entering speed starts to slow down, the rock entering speed is completed at the tenth second, the depth is 1.4 m. The operating device reaches the next cutting point, the distance between two cutting points is 1 m. And one hour later, the amount of broken square was 210 square meters.

The same excavator is replaced by a common rock breaking device, the distance between two cutting points is 0.9 m, the scarifier oil cylinder and the bucket rod oil cylinder extend out at the same time, the rock entering is slightly slower than that of the rock breaking device according to the present disclosure, the rock entering is relatively smooth, the rock entering depth is 0.9 m in 7 seconds, continue to cut downward, the rock entering speed becomes slow, the downward cutting is completed at the tenth second, the depth is 1 m. And one hour later, the amount of broken square was 180 square meters.

It can be seen that the rock breaking device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure has the following characteristics compared with a common rock breaking device:

1. The output has obvious difference (the output of the rock breaking device provided by the embodiment of the disclosure is larger), and the greater the hardness, the more obvious the difference.

2. The rock breaking effect is obviously different (the rock breaking effect provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is better), and the greater the depth, the better the loading efficiency after rock breaking is.

Cause analysis: due to the limited length the effective rock breaking part of the scarifier, which is generally not more than 2 m, the greater the depth, the greater the resistance, the more unfavorable to the rock breaking efficiency. According to the operating characteristics of the scarifier, the volume of the effective rock breaking part is relatively small, the volume of the upper part of the scarifier is obviously larger than the volume of the lower part, which is beneficial to setting the torque of the scarifier oil cylinder, and is also beneficial to setting the larger weight of the scarifier. When the rock formation is hard, a relatively small ratio of the power arm of the first lever to the resistance arm will make the scarifier oil cylinder suffer a large reaction force. When the reaction force is equal to or greater than the push force of the oil cylinder, the oil cylinder cannot extend out or produce a small amount of retraction. This is also the main reason why the scarifier oil cylinder is difficult to extend out and the scarifier shakes. Increasing the cylinder diameter can increase the push force, but it cannot effectively reduce the compression amount of hydraulic oil. A reasonable first lever ratio can make the scarifier cylinder push force relatively small when the push force required by the scarifier is met, and the reaction force is also small, thus improving the rigid transmission capacity of momentum. In addition, when the upper part of the scarifier has a large volume and a large weight proportion in the rock breaking device, it is more beneficial to optimize the structure of the effective rock breaking part, to further improve the rock breaking effect, and to install functional facilities on the scarifier.

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a rock breaking device, which includes a large arm, a small arm, a bucket rod cylinder (a first hydraulic cylinder), a scarifier cylinder (a second hydraulic cylinder) and a scarifier. The rock breaking device can be mounted on an excavator. The excavator is provided with an upper vehicle body which is rotationally connected to a lower vehicle body. The lower vehicle body is provided with a walking mechanism. The large arm is provided with a first end (a second large arm end). The small arm is provided with a second end (a first small arm end) and a third end (a second small arm end) which are oppositely arranged. The large arm and the small arm are hinged to the middle part of the small arm through a pin shaft. One end of the bucket rod cylinder is hinged to the position above the middle part of the large arm, the other end of the bucket rod cylinder is hinged to the position of the second end of the small arm. The third end of the small arm is hinged to a position of the scarifier close to the middle-lower position of the scarifier. That is, the large arm can have a first large arm end connected to the carrier and a second large arm end hinged to the middle of the small arm, the small arm has a first small arm end hinged with the first hydraulic cylinder and a second small arm end hinged with the scarifier. The volume of the scarifier is greater than that of the small arm. The weight of the scarifier is greater than that of the small arm, the weight of the scarifier is greater than that of the large arm, and the weight of the scarifier accounts for 30%-70% of the total weight of the rock breaking device. It should be noted that the above-mentioned middle part does not refer specifically to the half part, but can be an interval range around the half part.

In the rock breaking device according to the embodiment, the design of the large arm, the small arm, the scarifier, the bucket rod cylinder (the first hydraulic cylinder) and the scarifier cylinder (the second hydraulic cylinder) ensures the flexibility of the rock breaking device, saves the connection rod in the common scarifier, is just enough for rock breaking, realizes a better combination of flexibility and energy loss, and does not reduce the smoothness of operation. The weight of the scarifier accounts for 30%-70% of the total weight, further optimizing the forward shift degree of the center of gravity and having better rock breaking impact force, and being beneficial to reducing damage to excavators or rock breaking devices. The specific weight of the scarifier has its own advantages and disadvantages. The rock breaking ability can be further improved by increasing the weight proportion of the scarifier, and the operability can be improved by appropriately reducing the weight proportion of the scarifier. The layout of the bucket rod cylinder (first hydraulic cylinder) and the scarifier cylinder (second hydraulic cylinder) mainly solves the problem of digging force and flexibility. The scarifier has better digging force and more reasonable spatial position during digging. In addition, when rock is impacted, the impact damage to the cylinder is reduced, thus reducing the damage to the machine. The volume of the scarifier is greater than that of the small arm in order to have a better forward shift degree of the center of gravity and to make the scarifier heavier, thus having a better impact force.

In some examples, the scarifier is a solid structure.

In some examples, the scarifier has a first space in which a first filler is arranged.

In some examples, the scarifier is detachably provided with a counterweight for adjusting the weight of the scarifier, and when the scarifier is provided with the counterweight, the total weight of the scarifier and the counterweight accounts for 40%-75% of the total weight of the rock breaking device.

In some examples, the scarifier has a rock breaking part for directly breaking rock or installing bucket teeth, and the counterweight is located on the upper part of the scarifier away from the rock breaking part.

In some examples, the counterweight is provided on two sides of the scarifier.

In some examples, the second hinge part of the small arm is provided with at least two sets of hinge holes.

In some examples, scarifier cylinders are arranged in two and are located at the side part of the scarifier and the small arm.

In some examples, the scarifier is hinged with the small arm through a first shaft sleeve, the scarifier is provided with a lubricating hole for supplying lubricating oil to the shaft sleeve, and the first shaft sleeve is also provided with an oil seal for sealing the lubricating oil.

In some examples, the scarifier cylinder is arranged in one and is above the scarifier and small arm.

In some examples, the hinge position of the scarifier cylinder and the small arm is the first hinge shaft, the hinge position of the scarifier cylinder and the scarifier is the second hinge shaft, and the hinge position of the small arm and the scarifier is the third hinge shaft. During the operation of the rock breaking device, the included angle between the connection line of the first hinge shaft and the second hinge shaft and the connection line of the first hinge shaft and the third hinge shaft can reach more than 60 degrees.

In some examples, a shock excitation device is arranged on the scarifier.

in some examples, the volume of the scarifier is between 1.8 and 4.5 times the volume of the small arm.

In some examples, the weight of the scarifier is between 1.2 and 2.7 times the weight of the large arm.

In some examples, the weight of the large arm is between 1.4 and 3.1 times the weight of the small arm.

In some examples, the volume of the large arm is between 1.6 and 4.2 times the volume of the small arm.

In some examples, during the operation of the rock breaking device, the included angle between the connection line of the first hinge shaft and the second hinge shaft and the connection line of the first hinge shaft and the third hinge shaft is at least 45 degrees and at most 130 degrees.

It should be noted that the included angle is at least 45 degrees and at most 130 degrees refers to when setting the angle, the minimum value is not less than 45 degrees and the maximum value is not more than 140 degrees instead of having the minimum value of 45 degrees and the maximum value of 140 degrees at the same time.

In some examples, during the operation of the rock breaking device, the included angle between the connection line of the first hinge shaft and the second hinge shaft and the connection line of the first hinge shaft and the third hinge shaft is at least 70 degrees and at most 110 degrees.

In some examples, the hinge position of the scarifier cylinder and the small arm is the first hinge shaft. The hinge position of the scarifier cylinder and the scarifier is the second hinge shaft, the hinge position of the small arm and the scarifier is the third hinge shaft, and during the operation of the rock breaking device, the included angle between the connection line of the first hinge shaft and the second hinge shaft and the connection line of the first hinge shaft and the third hinge shaft is at least 45 degrees and at most 140 degrees.

In some examples, the small arm is a solid structure.

In some examples, the hinge position of the scarifier cylinder and the small arm is the first hinge shaft. The hinge position of the small arm and the scarifier is the third hinge shaft. The hinge position of the large arm and the small arm is the fourth hinge shaft, and the distance between the first hinge shaft and the fourth hinge shaft is 0.7 to 1.3 times of the distance between the fourth hinge shaft and the third hinge shaft.

In some examples, the hinge position of the small arm and the scarifier is the third hinge shaft. The hinge position of the large arm and the small arm is the fourth hinge shaft. The hinge position of the bucket rod cylinder and the small arm is the fifth hinge shaft. The distance from the fifth hinge shaft to the fourth hinge shaft is 0.9 to 1.4 times the distance from the fourth hinge shaft to the third hinge shaft.

The rock breaking device provided by this embodiment has at least one of the following effects:

1. The flexibility of the rock breaking device is ensured through the design of the large arm, the small arm, the scarifier and the oil cylinder, the connection rod in the common scarifier is omitted, the rock breaking is just enough, the better combination of flexibility and energy loss is realized, and the smooth feeling of operation is not reduced.

2. The weight of the scarifier accounts for 30%-70% of the total weight, further optimizing the forward shift degree of the center of gravity and having better rock breaking impact force, and being beneficial to reducing damage to excavators or rock breaking machines. The specific weight of the scarifier has its own advantages and disadvantages. The rock breaking ability can be further improved by increasing the weight proportion of the scarifier, and the operability can be improved by appropriately reducing the weight proportion of the scarifier.

3. The layout of the oil cylinder provided by the present disclosure mainly solves the problems of digging force and flexibility, the scarifier has better digging force and more reasonable space position during digging, and in addition, when rock is impacted, the impact damage to the oil cylinder is reduced, thereby reducing the damage to the machine.

4. By setting two groups of hinge holes on the second hinge part, different speeds and digging forces can be set according to different working conditions.

5. The solid of the small arm is to reduce the volume of the small arm while ensuring its strength, thus minimizing the volume of the small arm, leaving more space for the scarifier and facilitating the weight setting of the scarifier.

6. The scarifier volume is larger than the small arm in order to have a better forward shift degree of the center of gravity and make the scarifier heavier, thus having a better impact force.

7. Through the increase or decrease of counterweight to meet the different rock hardness, a good balance between energy saving and rock breaking effect, to further optimize the operation efficiency.

8. By increasing the weight of the scarifier, the optimization of the weight ratio is realized, and the volume of the scarifier is greater than that of the small arm, which can leave space for the movement of the scarifier.

9. The first filler is used to fill the scarifier so that the weight of the scarifier accounts for more than 30% of the total weight of the rock breaking device, which can effectively reduce the production cost.

10. Through the installation of the shock excitation device, the scarifier has exciting force to facilitate rock breaking.

11. In this disclosure, different small arm mounting point designs are provided so that the small arm can choose between operating performance and rock breaking performance.

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a rock breaking device 1. FIG. 5 is a rock breaking device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a rock breaking device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, the rock breaking device 1 includes a large arm 2, a small arm 3, a bucket rod cylinder 4, a scarifier cylinder 5 and a scarifier 6.

As illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, the large arm 2 has a first end 21. The first end 21 is provided with a small arm mounting groove 22 for hinging with the small arm 3. The small arm mounting groove 22 has a first mounting wall 23 and a second mounting wall 24. The first mounting wall 23 and the second mounting wall 24 are both provided with a small arm mounting hole 25, and the small arm mounting hole 25 on the first mounting wall 23 and the small arm mounting hole 25 on the second mounting wall 24 are coaxially arranged. The small arm 3 and the large arm 2 are hinged to the first end 21 through the cooperation of the small arm mounting hole 25 and the small arm 3.

As illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, the small arm 3 has a first face 31 and a second face 32 which are oppositely arranged. A small arm hinge part 33 is provided located at the middle of the small arm 3. The small arm hinge part 33 (i.e., the second hinge part 33) is composed of two second shaft sleeves 34 located between the first face 31 and the second face 32. The axes of the two second shaft sleeves 34 are parallel to the first surface 31 and the second surface 32. One of the two second shaft sleeves 34 passes through one small arm mounting hole 25 and the other of the two second shaft sleeves 34 passes through the other small arm mounting hole 25 so that the small arm 3 is hinged with the large arm 2. The second shaft sleeves 34 are lubricated by lubricating oil to ensure that friction force is minimized when the small arm 3 rotates relative to the large arm 2. Therefore, an oil seal is sleeved outside each of the second shaft sleeves 34 to prevent lubricating oil from leaking out.

As illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, the small arm 3 has a second end 36 and a third end 37 which are oppositely arranged. The end of the third end 37 of the small arm 3 is provided with a scarifier mounting part, and the scarifier mounting part is provided with two first shaft sleeves (not shown directly in this embodiment). The scarifier 6 can be hinged to the third end 37 of the small arm 3 by sleeving corresponding holes on the first shaft sleeves.

As illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, the scarifier 6 includes a scarifier body 61 and an extension part 62. In this embodiment, the extension part 62 and the scarifier body 61 are integrally formed. The scarifier body 61 is a part of the scarifier 6 close to the third end 37, and the extension part 62 is a part of the scarifier 6 close to the second end 36. The scarifier body 61 is provided with a first connection part 51, the first connection part 51 is provided with two wing plates, and each wing plate is provided with a scarifier mounting hole 63. The scarifier 6 can be hinged to the third end 37 of the small arm 3 by passing one first shaft sleeve through one scarifier mounting hole 63 and the other first shaft sleeve through the other scarifier mounting hole 63. The two coaxial first shaft sleeves form the third hinge shaft around which the scarifier 6 and the small arm 3 can relatively rotate. In order to ensure the lubrication fit between the first shaft sleeve and the scarifier mounting hole 63, the scarifier 6 is also provided with a lubrication hole (not illustrated in the figure), the lubrication hole is communicated with the outer wall of the first shaft sleeve and the outside, and lubricating liquid can be conveniently added between the first shaft sleeve and the scarifier mounting hole 63 through the lubrication hole.

As illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, the large arm 2 has an arc shape. The large arm 2 has an outer arc surface 26 and an inner arc surface 27, and a first hinge part 28 is provided in the middle of the outer arc surface 26. The first hinge part 28 is composed of two parallel wing plates, and a first hinge space is formed between the two wing plates. One end of the bucket rod cylinder 4 is accommodated in the first hinge space and hinged with the first hinge part 28.

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a small arm provided according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As illustrated in FIGS. 5-7, the first face 31 of the second end 36 of the small arm 3 is provided with a second hinge position 42, the second hinge position 42 is formed by two parallel wing plates, a second hinge space is formed between the two wing plates, and the end of the bucket rod cylinder 4 away from the first hinge space is accommodated in the second hinge space and hinged with the second hinge position 42. Between the first end 21 and the first hinge part 28 is a first large arm second section, between the second hinge part 33 and the second hinge position 42 is a first small arm third section, the first large arm second section, the first small arm third section and the bucket rod cylinder 4 form a triangle, the three sides of the triangle are hinged with each other and the length of the bucket rod cylinder 4 is variable, therefore, under the drive of the change of the length of the bucket rod cylinder 4, the angle between the first small arm third section and the first large arm second section is variable, and the small arm 3 can rotate through the extension and contraction of the bucket rod cylinder 4.

It should be noted that in this embodiment, the second hinge position 42 can be two, that is, the second hinge position 42 includes two sets of hinge holes, so that the end of the bucket rod cylinder 4 away from the first hinge space can be hinged with any set of hinge holes to adjust the force arm.

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a scarifier according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As illustrated in FIGS. 5-8, the second end 36 of the small arm 3 is provided with a third hinge position 55. In this embodiment, the third hinge position 55 is formed by two parallel wing plates, a third hinge space is formed between the two wing plates. One end of the scarifier cylinder 5 is accommodated in the third hinge space and is hinged with the third hinge position 55 by taking the first hinge shaft as the hinge shaft, i.e., the small arm 3 and the scarifier cylinder 5 can relatively rotate around the first hinge shaft. At one end of the extension part 62 away from the scarifier body 61, there is a second connection part 52, and the second connection part 52 is provided with a first hinge position 56, the first hinge position 56 is formed by two parallel wing plates, a fourth hinge space is formed between the two wing plates, one end of the scarifier cylinder 5 away from the third hinge space is accommodated in the fourth hinge space, and is hinged with the first hinge position 56 by taking the second hinge shaft as a hinge shaft, that is, the scarifier cylinder 5 and the scarifier 6 can relatively rotate around the second hinge shaft.

The distance between the first connection part 51 and the second connection part 52 is greater than the length of the small arm 3, so that the volume of the scarifier 6 is greater than that of the small arm 3, and the weight of the scarifier 6 is also greater than that of the small arm 3. The scarifier 6 can be a solid structure, so that the weight of the whole scarifier 6 reaches 30% of the rock breaking device 1. In actual operation, the weight of the scarifier 6 can be used to strengthen the acting force on the rock breaking work area and optimize the rock breaking effect. And the maximum force arm acting on the scarifier 6 through the scarifier cylinder 5 is a connection line segment of the first connection part 51 and the second connection part 52. Therefore, by extending the connection line segment of the first connection part 51 and the second connection part 52 through the extension part 62, the force arm can be lengthened, and the rock breaking effect can be optimized under the condition that the scarifier cylinder 5 acts with the same strength.

Through the design of lengthening the scarifier 6 by the extension part 62, the included angle between the connection line of the first hinge shaft and the second hinge shaft and the connection line of the first hinge shaft and the third hinge shaft can reach more than 60 degrees (as illustrated in FIG. 11, the included angle X is the included angle between the connection line of the first hinge shaft and the second hinge shaft and the connection line of the first hinge shaft and the third hinge shaft). With the increase of the included angle X, the force arm of movement of the scarifier 6 can be increased, the rock breaking impact force can be improved, and the damage to the scarifier 6 and the small arm 3 caused by the rock breaking force feedback can be reduced. In this embodiment, the included angle X is changed. in the range of 95-130 degrees, so that the movement of the scarifier 6 is better controlled, and the scarifier 6 has a sufficient movement distance.

In this embodiment, the end of the scarifier body 61 away from the extension part 62 is a rock breaking part, and the rock breaking part is also provided with bucket teeth 7 for acting on the rock breaking surface. In other embodiments, the rock breaking part can also be provided without the bucket teeth 7 and directly perform a rock breaking operation.

In this embodiment, the large arm 2 is made of high-strength steel, and the inside of the large arm 2 is a hollow structure to reduce the whole weight of the large arm 2. The small arm 3 is also made of high-strength steel, but the small arm 3 is a solid structure. Through the hollow structure of the large arm 2 and the solid structure of the small arm 3, the center of gravity of the whole rock breaking device 1 is concentrated on the small arm 3. In actual rock breaking, the weight of the small arm 3 acts on the scarifier 6, which can increase the acting force of the scarifier 6 on the rock breaking work area and improve the rock breaking effect.

The scarifier 6 is also a solid structure, which can further strengthen the concentration of the center of gravity, and the weight of the scarifier 6 is greater than that of the large arm 2 and also greater than that of the small arm 3, so that the acting force of the scarifier 6 on the rock breaking work area is further increased.

Through the above design, the defect of poor effect on weight proportion distribution and volume proportion distribution in the prior art is solved.

The use method of the rock breaking device 1 provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is as follows:

A. Checking whether the lubricating oil in each oil seal is sufficient;

B. Controlling the bucket rod cylinder 4 to control the included angle between the small arm 3 and the large arm 2 so that the scarifier 6 is aimed at the rock breaking working area;

C. The rotation of the scarifier 6 is controlled by controlling the scarifier cylinder 5, and the bucket rod cylinder 4 controls the included angle between the small arm 3 and the large arm 2, so that the bucket teeth 7 of the scarifier 6 exert force on the rock breaking work area.

The beneficial effect of the embodiment of the present disclosure is at least one of the following items:

1. The design of the large arm 2, the small arm 3, the scarifier 6 and the oil cylinder ensures the flexibility of the rock breaking device 1, omits the connecting rod in the common scarifier 6, is just enough for rock breaking, realizes a better combination of flexibility and energy loss, and does not reduce the smooth feeling of operation.

2. The weight of the scarifier 6 accounts for 30% of the total weight, further optimizing the forward shift degree of the center of gravity and having better rock breaking impact force, and being beneficial to reducing the damage to the excavator 8 or the rock breaking machine.

3. The layout of the oil cylinder disclosed by this disclosure mainly solves the problems of digging force and flexibility. The scarifier 6 has better digging force and more reasonable spatial position during digging. In addition, when rock is impacted, the impact damage to the oil cylinder is reduced, thus reducing the damage to the machine.

4. By setting two sets of hinge holes on the second hinge position 42, different speeds and digging forces can be set according to different working conditions.

5. The solid of the small arm 3 is to reduce the volume of the small arm 3 and ensure its strength, thus minimizing the volume of the small arm 3, leaving more space for the scarifier 6 and being beneficial to the weight setting of the scarifier 6.

6. The volume of the scarifier 6 is greater than the volume of the small arm 3 is to have a better forward shift degree of the center of gravity and to make the scarifier 6 heavier, thus having a better impact force.

It should be noted that in the prior art, the large arm 2 and the small arm 3 are mainly hollow and being filled. Being filled refers to forming a space by welding plates, and then filling objects with large specific gravity in the space. It is often used in the prior art. In the rock breaking device 1, increasing weight is the main objective. Solid refers to not forming a space for filling. The solid is mainly formed by cutting or casting the whole steel plate, which is mainly to minimize the volume under the condition of strength.

It should be further noted that the oil seal and the shaft sleeve are in the prior art. In the present disclosure, the shaft sleeve plays a role in protecting the bearing and reducing friction, while the oil seal plays a role in sealing the lubricating oil in the storage area and the lubricating area. Therefore, only the oil seal and the shaft sleeve in the prior art need to be sized to be suitable for the rock breaking device 1 provided by the present disclosure.

In this embodiment, both the bucket rod cylinder 4 and the scarifier cylinder 5 use telescopic hydraulic cylinders, and the bucket rod cylinder 4 and the scarifier cylinder 5 can conveniently control the lengths of the bucket rod cylinder 4 and the scarifier cylinder 5 through an external oil supply pipe.

In this embodiment, the extension part 62 is integrally formed with the scarifier body 61 to facilitate manufacturing. In other embodiments, the extension part 62 can be removably connected to the scarifier body 61, and different lengths of the extension part 62 and the appropriate scarifier cylinder 5 can be selectively mounted for rock breaking according to the rock hardness of the actual rock breaking area or the size of the rock breaking area.

In other embodiments, the large arm 2 may not be arc-shaped but may be bent-shaped, which can reduce the manufacturing difficulty, but the strength of the large arm 2 may be reduced. It can also be arranged in a straight-rod shape, further reducing the manufacturing difficulty, but the degree of freedom between the large arm 2 and the small arm 3 will be reduced, which is not convenient for the small arm 3 to rotate relative to the large arm 2.

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the rock breaking device 1 actually used on an excavator 8. The whole machine includes the excavator 8 and the rock breaking device 1.

The excavator 8 includes a main body 81 and a crawler 82, the crawler 82 is arranged at the lower end of the main body 81, and the whole machine can be driven to move by the crawler 82.

As illustrated in FIG. 9, the rock breaking device 1 is provided at one end of the excavator 8 and is connected to the excavator 8 through a large arm cylinder (third hydraulic cylinder) 12.

A fifth hinge part 29 is provided between the first end 21 of the large arm 2 and the first hinge part 28, The first end 21 of the large arm cylinder 12 and the large arm 2 are hinged to the fifth hinge part 29, and the other end of the large arm cylinder 12 is hinged to the main body 81, so that when the main body 81 does not move, the rotation of the large arm 2 can be controlled by controlling the extension and contraction of the large arm cylinder 12.

In this embodiment, the large arm cylinder 12 uses a telescopic hydraulic cylinder, and the large arm cylinder 12 can conveniently control the length of the large arm cylinder 12 through an external oil supply pipe.

The whole machine provided by the present disclosure has various advantages of the rock breaking device 1 because the rock breaking device 1 is equipped, and on this basis, the mobility of the rock breaking device 1 is increased.

Since the scarifier 6 has a long length, the scarifier 6 is easy to contact the ground in the storage state, so a trailer 9 is provided to adapt to the transportation of the whole machine. The trailer 9 has a placing platform 910 on which the whole machine is placed, and the whole machine 7 is moved integrally by the trailer 9.

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a rock breaking device. FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a scarifier according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock breaking device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As illustrated in FIGS. 10 and 11, in the rock breaking device 1, the scarifier 6 is provided with a counterweight 64.

The scarifier 6 is arranged as solid to increase the weight of the scarifier 6. In this embodiment, a counterweight 64 is detachably mounted on the scarifier 6, and the counterweight of the scarifier 6 is increased or decreased by the counterweight 64. The counterweight 64 is mounted on the scarifier 6 through bolt connection or other forms. When it needs to be removed, the matching between the counterweight 64 and the scarifier 6 can be easily released by a manual work. During operation, the bolt connection and other forms can ensure the stable connection between the small arm 3 and the counterweight 64.

In this embodiment, when the scarifier 6 is added with the counterweight 64, the total weight of the scarifier 6 plus the counterweight 64 can account for 40% of the total weight of the rock breaking device 1. The impact capacity of the scarifier 6 is further enhanced. Moreover, the counterweight 64 is detachably arranged, so that under the condition that the scarifier 6 itself can provide sufficient impact force, the counterweight 64 is removed, and energy is saved. The specific weight of the scarifier 6 can be roughly weighted according to the weight of the scarifier 6 itself, and then adjusted by the counterweight 64. When the weight ratio is 40%, the scarifier 6 is convenient to operate and has sufficient rock breaking performance. In order to ensure that the counterweight 64 provides sufficient weight without directly contacting the rock breaking area, the counterweight 64 is arranged on the upper part of the scarifier 6 away from the rock breaking part.

For example, when the scarifier cylinder 5 is arranged on the side part of the scarifier 6, if the counterweight 64 is arranged on the side part to accommodate it, it will cause inconvenience in movement, so the counterweight 64 is mounted on the upper part of the scarifier 6.

In the rock breaking device 1 provided in this embodiment, different rock formation hardness is met through the increase or decrease of the counterweight 64, a balance is well made between energy saving and rock breaking effects, and the operation efficiency is further optimized. In addition, the rock breaking capability of the scarifier 6 is further improved and the cost is effectively saved without making major changes to the rock breaking device 1 itself.

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a rock breaking device. In the rock breaking device, the weight of the scarifier 6 accounts for 70% of the total weight of the rock breaking device 1, so that the center of gravity of the rock breaking device 1 moves forward greatly, and the rock breaking capability is improved. However, in order to maintain the stability of the rock breaking device in the rock breaking process, the body of the excavator 8 with a larger weight needs to be matched, and in the actual rock breaking process, the variation range of the included angle X needs to be appropriately reduced as required.

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a rock breaking device. In this embodiment, when the scarifier 6 is added with the counterweight 64, the total weight of the scarifier 6 plus the counterweight 64 can account for 75% of the total weight of the rock breaking device 1. The impact capacity of the scarifier 6 is further enhanced. Moreover, the counterweight 64 is detachably arranged, so that under the condition that the scarifier 6 itself can provide sufficient impact force, the counterweight 64 is removed, and energy is saved. The specific weight of the scarifier 6 can be roughly weighted according to the weight of the scarifier 6 itself, and then adjusted by the counterweight 64, which is convenient to operate and has sufficient rock breaking performance when the weight ratio is 40% in the fourth embodiment. However, when the weight ratio is 75% in this embodiment, the rock breaking performance is greatly improved, but the operation will be slightly inconvenient. Due to the limited weight of the large arm 2 and the small arm 3, in order to ensure the strength, there are higher requirements on the material and technology.

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a rock breaking device. As illustrated in FIG. 11, the included angle X changes in the range of 74-106 degrees, i.e., the included angle X always changes in the range of about 90 degrees, which can ensure the force arm for the movement of the scarifier 6, and can make the movement of the scarifier 6 be better controlled, and make the scarifier 6 have sufficient movement distance. The rock breaking device 1 has a state of long force arm, i.e., the included angle X can reach 90 degrees. In the state of long force arm, the force arm of the scarifier cylinder 5 acting on the scarifier 6 is the line segment from the first connection part 51 to the second connection part 52. Therefore, the change of the included angle X in the range of 74-106 degrees makes the force arm long enough to provide sufficient rock breaking speed for the scarifier 6 under the same equipment conditions.

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a rock breaking device. As illustrated in FIG. 11, the included angle X varies within the range of 46-77 degrees, which can ensure the force arm for the movement of the scarifier 6, and can make the movement of the scarifier 6 be better controlled, and make the scarifier 6 have sufficient movement distance.

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a rock breaking device 1. FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock breaking device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 12, there are two scarifier cylinders 5 in the rock breaking device 1, that is, two second liquid cylinders 5 can be provided.

Two scarifier cylinders 5 are provided on the sides of the scarifier 6 and the small arm 3. For example, ach scarifier cylinder 5 has a first cylinder head and a second cylinder head which are oppositely arranged, the first cylinder head of one scarifier cylinder 5 is arranged on one side of the third connection part, the first cylinder head of the other scarifier cylinder 5 is arranged on the other side of the third connection part, and the first cylinder heads of the two first scarifier cylinders 5 are connected through a reinforcing rod. The second cylinder head of one scarifier cylinder 5 is arranged on one side of the fourth connection part, the second cylinder head of the other scarifier cylinder 5 is arranged on the other side of the fourth connection part, and the second cylinder heads of the two first scarifier cylinders 5 are connected through another reinforcing rod. The two first scarifier cylinders 5 are parallel. During operation, the two scarifier cylinders 5 work synchronously to control the angle between the scarifier 6 and the small arm 3.

In this embodiment, the size of the small arm 3 is adjusted according to the fit of each connection point. The first hinge shaft, the second hinge shaft and the third hinge shaft have been described previously. The hinge position of the large arm 2 and the small arm 3 is the fourth hinge shaft. The distance between the first hinge shaft and the fourth hinge shaft is 0.7 times the distance between the fourth hinge shaft axis and the third hinge shaft.

The hinge position of the bucket rod cylinder 4 and the small arm 3 is a fifth hinge shaft, and the distance between the fifth hinge shaft and the fourth hinge shaft is 0.9 times the distance between the fourth hinge shaft and the third hinge shaft.

FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock breaking device 1 actually used on an excavator 8 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The whole machine includes an excavator 8 and a rock breaking device 1.

As illustrated in FIG. 13, the excavator 8 and the rock breaking device 1 are connected by two third hydraulic cylinders 12. Two third hydraulic cylinders 12 are arranged at the two ends of the large arm 2, and the two third hydraulic cylinders 12 are parallel. The two third hydraulic cylinders 12 synchronously apply force to the large arm 2 to control the angle between the large arm 2 and the excavator 8.

Through the rock breaking device 1 provided in this embodiment, the working strength of the scarifier 6 can be improved, and the scarifier 6 can be driven by the two scarifier cylinders 5 together, so that the scarifier 6 can act on hard rock areas and exhibits good rock breaking effect.

FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock breaking device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 14, the scarifier cylinders 5 in the rock breaking device 1 are two.

As illustrated in FIG. 14, two scarifier cylinders 5 are provided on the sides of the scarifier 6 and the small arm 3. For example, each scarifier cylinder 5 has a first cylinder head and a second cylinder head which are oppositely arranged, the first cylinder head of one scarifier cylinder 5 is arranged on one side of the third connection part, the first cylinder head of the other scarifier cylinder 5 is arranged on the other side of the third connection part, and the first cylinder heads of the two first scarifier cylinders 5 are connected through a reinforcing rod. The second cylinder head of one scarifier cylinder 5 is arranged on one side of the fourth connection part, the second cylinder head of the other scarifier cylinder 5 is arranged on the other side of the fourth connection part, and the second cylinder heads of the two first scarifier cylinders 5 are connected through another reinforcing rod. The two first scarifier cylinders 5 are parallel. During operation, the two scarifier cylinders 5 work synchronously to control the angle between the scarifier 6 and the small arm 3.

FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock breaking device 1 on an excavator 8 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The whole machine includes an excavator 8 and a rock breaking device 1.

As illustrated in FIG. 15, the counterweight 64 is mounted on the upper part of the scarifier 6, that is, the counterweight 64 is mounted on the end of the scarifier 6 close to the bucket rod cylinder 4. So that the counterweight 64 has longer movement stroke in the rock breaking process to obtain larger kinetic energy, and the kinetic energy acting on the rock breaking area can increase the rock breaking impact force. At the same time, the counterweight 64 being mounted on the upper part of the scarifier 6 makes the center of gravity of the counterweight coincide with the center of gravity of the scarifier 6 in the vertical direction when the rock breaking works, further concentrating the impact force on the rock breaking area.

The excavator 8 and the rock breaking device 1 are connected through two third hydraulic cylinders 12. The two third hydraulic cylinders 12 are arranged at the two ends of the large arm 2, and the two third hydraulic cylinders 12 are parallel. The two third hydraulic cylinders 12 synchronously apply force to the large arm 2 to control the angle between the large arm 2 and the excavator 8.

In the rock breaking device 1 provided in this embodiment, the included angle between the connection line of the first hinge shaft and the second hinge shaft and the connection line of the first hinge shaft and the third hinge shaft varies in the range of 95-130 degrees, so that the movement of the scarifier 6 is better controlled, and the scarifier 6 has a sufficient movement distance.

In the rock breaking device 1 provided in this embodiment, different rock formation hardness is met through the increase or decrease of the counterweight 64, a balance is well made between energy saving and rock breaking effects, and the operation efficiency is further optimized. In addition, the rock breaking capability of the scarifier 6 is further improved and the cost is effectively saved without making major changes to the rock breaking device 1 itself.

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a rock breaking device. In the rock breaking device, the volume proportions and weight proportions of the scarifier 6, the large arm 2 and the small arm 3 are specifically limited. The volume of the scarifier 6 is 4.5 times the volume of the small arm 3, the weight of the scarifier 6 is 2.7 times the weight of the large arm 2, the weight of the large arm 2 is 3.1 times the weight of the small arm 3, and the volume of the large arm 2 is 4.2 times the volume of the small arm 3. Therefore, in this embodiment, the scarifier 6 accounts for about 64% of the total weight of the rock breaking device 1. Through such proportional relationship, the scarifier 6 has excellent rock breaking capability, and the volume and weight of the small arm 3 are reduced to the limit, under the requirement of motor performance, the center is moved forward as far as possible, and sufficient force arm is provided to provide sufficient movement stroke for the scarifier 6.

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a rock breaking device. In this rock breaking device, the volume proportions and weight proportions of the scarifier 6, the large arm 2 and the small arm 3 are specifically limited. The volume of the scarifier 6 is 4.1 times the volume of the small arm 3, the weight of the scarifier 6 is 2.0 times the weight of the large arm 2, the weight of the large arm 2 is 2.3 times the weight of the small arm 3, and the volume of the large arm 2 is 2.9 times the volume of the small arm 3. Therefore, in this embodiment, the scarifier 6 accounts for about 55% of the total weight of the rock breaking device 1. Through such proportional relationship, the rock breaking ability and operability of the scarifier 6 are well balanced.

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a rock breaking device. In this rock breaking device, the volume proportions and weight proportions of the scarifier 6, the large arm 2 and the small arm 3 are specifically limited. The volume of the scarifier 6 is 1.8 times the volume of the small arm 3, the weight of the scarifier 6 is 1.2 times the weight of the large arm 2, the weight of the large arm 2 is 1.4 times the weight of the small arm 3, and the volume of the large arm 2 is 1.6 times the volume of the small arm 3. Therefore, in this embodiment, the scarifier 6 accounts for about 39% of the total weight of the rock breaking device 1. Through such proportional relationship, the scarifier 6 has enough capability to break common rock, and has extremely strong operability, and does not have too much weight requirement for the attached excavator 8.

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a rock breaking device. In the rock breaking device, the distance between the first hinge shaft and the fourth hinge shaft is 1.1 times the distance between the fourth hinge shaft and the third hinge shaft, and the distance between the fifth hinge shaft and the fourth hinge shaft is 1.4 times the distance between the fourth hinge shaft and the third hinge shaft. That is, the fourth hinge shaft is arranged downward, which makes the rock breaking part more powerful but slower.

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a rock breaking device 1. FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock breaking device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 16, the small arm 3 is a solid structure. FIG. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a scarifier according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIGS. 18-21 are side section views of the small arm of the rock breaking device illustrated in FIG. 16. As can be seen from each section view of the small arm 3, the small arm 3 is provided as a solid structure.

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a rock breaking device 1. FIG. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock breaking device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 22, there is a second space 43 in the small arm 3 and a first space 64, i.e., a cavity 44, in the scarifier 6.

FIGS. 23, 24 and 25 are side section views of the small arm 3 illustrated in FIG. 22. FIGS. 26 and 27 are front cross-sectional views of the small arm 3 illustrated in FIG. 22. As can be seen from each cross-sectional view of the small arm 3, the small arm 3 is provided with a hollow structure, and a second space 43 is formed in the small arm 3. The second space 43 can be provided with a second filler or can be left unfilled. The small arm 3 is solid in order to further reduce the volume under the condition of ensuring the strength, so as to further increase the volume proportion of the scarifier 6 and leave space. While the small arm 3 is hollow mainly to reduce the weight, but the volume is reduced as much as possible under the condition of ensuring the strength and working function during manufacturing.

FIGS. 28-31 are cross-sectional views of the scarifier 6 in FIG. 22. As can be seen from FIGS. 28-31, in this embodiment, the scarifier 6 is provided with a hollow structure, a first space 64 is formed in the scarifier 6, a first filler is provided in the first space 64 of the scarifier 6, and the rock breaking device 1 can have a better rock breaking impact force by using the first filler with a larger specific gravity. The first filler ensures that the weight of the scarifier 6 accounts for 30% of the total weight of the rock breaking device 1. The first filler is used so that the weight of the scarifier 6 accounts for 30% of the total weight of the rock breaking device 1, which can effectively reduce the manufacturing cost. In addition, when the shock excitation device 65 is mounted, the motor in the shock excitation device 65 can also be arranged in the first space 64.

According to whether the scarifier 6 is solid or hollow and whether the small arm 3 is hollow, the rock breaking device 1 can be specifically combined in the following two situations:

1. As illustrated in FIG. 16, the scarifier 6 is a hollow structure and the small arm 3 is a solid structure;

2. As illustrated in FIG. 22, the scarifier 6 is a hollow structure, and the small arm 3 is also a hollow structure.

Referring to FIGS. 16 and 32, the scarifier 6 in this embodiment can also be provided with a counterweight 64. For example, the counterweight 64 is mounted on the upper part of the scarifier 6, i.e., the counterweight 64 is mounted on the end of the scarifier 6 close to the bucket rod cylinder 4. So that the counterweight 64 has a longer movement stroke in the rock breaking process to obtain larger kinetic energy, and the kinetic energy acting on the rock breaking area can increase the rock breaking impact force. At the same time, the counterweight 64 mounted on the upper part of the scarifier 6 makes the center of gravity of the counterweight 64 basically coincide with the center of gravity of the scarifier 6 in the vertical direction when rock breaking works, further concentrating the impact force on the rock breaking area.

A separate view of the scarifier 6 in FIG. 16 is illustrated in FIG. 17. The scarifier 6 has a relatively small rock breaking part, with first shaft sleeves 38 for cooperating with the small arm 3 provided on both sides of the rock breaking part, and oil seals 39 provided on a side of the first shaft sleeves 38. Through such arrangement, the volume of the rock breaking part can be reduced, so that the scarifier 6 can enter a smaller area for rock breaking.

At the same time, because the volume of the scarifier 6 is increased and the scarifier 6 in this embodiment has a hollow structure, more matching equipment can be mounted on the scarifier 6.

In the rock breaking device 1 provided in this embodiment, the small arm 3 is solid in order to further reduce the volume under the condition of ensuring the strength, so as to further increase the volume proportion of the scarifier 6 and leave space. The small arm 3 is hollow mainly to reduce the weight, but the volume is reduced as much as possible under the condition of ensuring the strength during manufacturing. The first filler is used so that the weight of the scarifier 6 accounts for 30% of the total weight of the rock breaking device 1, which can effectively reduce the production cost.

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a rock breaking device. FIG. 33 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock breaking device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 33, the scarifier 6 is not provided with a first shaft sleeve, an oil seal and a lubricating hole, and the first shaft sleeve, the oil seal and the lubricating hole are provided on the small arm. This connection mode of the scarifier 6 and the small arm 3 is a connection mode commonly used in the prior design, but can still be applied to the present disclosure.

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a rock breaking device. FIG. 34 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock breaking device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As illustrated in FIG. 34, the included angle between the connection line of the first hinge shaft and the second hinge shaft and the connection line of the first hinge shaft and the third hinge shaft varies in the range of 74-106 degrees, that is, the included angle between the connection line of the first hinge shaft and the second hinge shaft and the connection line of the first hinge shaft and the third hinge shaft varies in the range of about 90 degrees all the time, which can ensure the force arm for the movement of the scarifier 6, and can make the movement of the scarifier 6 be better controlled, and make the scarifier 6 have sufficient movement distance. The rock breaking device 1 has a long force arm state, i.e. the angle between the connection line of the first hinge shaft and the second hinge shaft and the connection line of the first hinge shaft and the third hinge shaft can reach 90 degrees. In the long force arm state, the force arm of the scarifier cylinder 5 acting on the scarifier 6 is the line segment between the first connection part 51 and the second connection part 52. Therefore, the included angle between the connection line of the first hinge shaft and. the second hinge shaft and the connection line of the first hinge shaft and the third hinge shaft changes in the range of 74-106 degrees, so that the force arm is long enough to provide sufficient rock breaking speed for the scarifier 6 under the same equipment conditions.

An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a rock breaking device. As illustrated in FIG. 33, the included angle between the connection line of the first hinge shaft and the second hinge shaft and the connection line of the first hinge shaft and the third hinge shaft varies within the range of 46-77 degrees, which can ensure the force arm for the movement of the scarifier 6, and can make the movement of the scarifier 6 be better controlled, and make the scarifier 6 have sufficient movement distance.

An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an assembly method of the rock breaking device, including the following steps S401-S403.

Step S401: Provide a large arm, the large arm includes a first large arm end, a second large arm end and a first hinge part located at the middle of the large arm. For example, the large arm can be a large arm on the existing construction machinery or a newly-made large arm.

Step S402: Providing a small arm, a scarifier, a first hydraulic cylinder and a second hydraulic cylinder. The small arm includes a first small arm end, a second small arm end and a second hinge part located at the middle of the small arm. The scarifier includes a third hinge part, and the scarifier is divided into a first scarifying part close to the tip of the scarifier and a second scarifying part connected to the first scarifying part by a line that passes through the third hinge part and perpendicular to a connection line of the third hinge part and the tip of the scarifier.

Step S403: Assembling the small arm, the scarifier, the first hydraulic cylinder, the second hydraulic cylinder and the large arm so that the second large arm end is hinged with the second hinge part, one end of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the first hinge part, the other end of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the first small arm end, the second small arm end is hinged with the third hinge part, one end of the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the small arm, the other end of the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the second scarifying part, and the weight of the scarifier accounts for 30%-85% of the total weight of the rock breaking device.

The assembly method of the rock breaking device provided by the embodiment can utilize the large arms of existing construction machinery (e.g., excavators, bulldozers, etc.), thereby reducing the cost of the rock breaking device.

The following statements should be noted:

(1) The accompanying drawings involve only the structure(s) in connection with the embodiment(s) of the present disclosure, and other structure(s) can be referred to common design(s).

(2) In case of no conflict, features in one embodiment or in different embodiments can be combined.

What have been described above are only specific implementations of the present disclosure, the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions easily occur to those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present disclosure should be covered in the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure should be based on the protection scope of the claims. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A rock breaking device, comprising: a large arm, comprising a first large arm end, a second large arm end and a first hinge part located at the middle of the large arm; a small arm, comprising a first small arm end, a second small arm end and a second hinge part located at the middle of the small arm; a scarifier, comprising a third hinge part and being divided into a first scarifying part that is close to a tip of the scarifier and a second scarifying part that is connected to the first scarifying part by a line that passes through the third hinge part and perpendicular to a connection line of the third hinge part and the tip of the scarifier; a first hydraulic cylinder; a second hydraulic cylinder, wherein the first large arm end is configured to connect to a carrier, the second large arm end is hinged with the second hinge part, an end of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the first hinge part, and another end of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the first small arm end, the second small end is hinged with the third hinge part, an end of the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the small arm, and another end of the second hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the second scarifying part, a weight of the scarifier accounts for 30%-70% of a total weight of the rock breaking device.
 2. The rock breaking device according to claim 1, wherein a volume of the scarifier is greater than a volume of the small arm, the weight of the scarifier is greater than a weight of the small arm, and the weight of the scarifier is greater than a weight of the large arm.
 3. The rock breaking device according to claim 1, wherein a volume of the second scarifying part is greater than 3 times a volume of the first scarifying part.
 4. The rock breaking device according to claim 3, wherein the volume of the second scarifying part is greater than 5 times the volume of the first scarifying part.
 5. The rock breaking device according to claim 1, wherein a weight of the second scarifying part is greater than 3 times a weight of the first scarifying part.
 6. The rock breaking device according to claim 5, wherein the weight of the second scarifying part is greater than 5 times the weight of the first scarifying part.
 7. The rock breaking device according to claim 1, wherein the weight of the scarifier accounts for 40%-70% of the total weight of the rock breaking device.
 8. The rock breaking device according to claim 1, wherein the second scarifying part is provided with at least two first hinge positions respectively for being hinged with the second hydraulic cylinder, in the at least two first hinge positions, different ones of the at least two first hinge positions have different distances from the third hinge part.
 9. The rock breaking device according to claim 1, wherein the first small arm end is provided with at least two second hinge positions respectively for being hinged with the first hydraulic cylinder, in the at least two second hinge positions, different ones of the at least two hinge positions have different distances from the second hinge part.
 10. (canceled)
 11. The rock breaking device according to claim 1, wherein the second scarifying part further comprises: a counterweight, being detachably mounted on the second scarifying part to adjust a weight of the second scarifying part.
 12. The rock breaking device according to claim 1, wherein the scarifier comprises a cavity.
 13. The rock breaking device according to claim 12, wherein the cavity is filled with a filler.
 14. The rock breaking device according to claim 1, wherein the second scarifying part is provided with a vibration excitation device.
 15. (canceled)
 16. (canceled)
 17. (canceled)
 18. The rock breaking device according to claim 1, wherein an included angle between an axis of the second hydraulic cylinder and a connection line between the third hinge part and a connection point of the end of the second hydraulic cylinder and the first small arm end is in a range from 45 degrees to 130 degrees.
 19. The rock breaking device according to claim 1, wherein an included angle between an axis of the second hydraulic cylinder and a connection line between the third hinge part and a connection point of the end of the second hydraulic cylinder and the first small arm end is in a range from 70 degrees to 110 degrees.
 20. (canceled)
 21. The rock breaking device according to claim 1, wherein the weight of the scarifier is between 1.2 and 2.7 times a weight of the small arm.
 22. (canceled)
 23. (canceled)
 24. (canceled)
 25. The rock breaking device according to claim 1, wherein a hinge position of the second hydraulic cylinder and the small arm is a third hinge position, and on a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the third hinge position, a distance from the third hinge position to the second hinge part is 0.7 to 1.3 times a distance from the second hinge part to the third hinge part.
 26. The rock breaking device according to claim 1, wherein a hinge position of the first hydraulic cylinder and the small arm is a second hinge position, and a distance from the second hinge position to the second hinge part is 0.9 to 1.4 times a distance from the second hinge part to the third hinge part.
 27. A construction machinery, comprising the rock breaking device according to claim
 1. 28. The construction machinery according to claim 27, further comprising: a carrier, comprising a vehicle body and a walking device carrying the vehicle body, the walking device being configured to drive the vehicle body to move; and a third hydraulic cylinder, wherein the first large arm end is hinged with the vehicle body, an end of the third hydraulic cylinder is hinged with the vehicle body, and another end is hinged with the large arm.
 29. (canceled) 